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高速公路突发交通事故或车辆故障时，若救援不及时，易造成严重交通拥堵甚至引发次生事故。合理配置与调度救援车辆是保障交通畅通并降低事故影响的关键环节。文章综合考虑救援车辆与事故需求的匹配关系及响应时效性，构建了救援车辆配置与调度联合优化模型，并设计了两阶段算法以提升模型求解效率。最后以嘉兴市高速公路为案例，结合历史事故分布特征与实际救援需求，对所提出的模型与算法进行验证。研究结果表明，该模型可实现救援车辆与事故需求的高效匹配，有效减少冗余行驶时间，提升事故响应效率，为高速公路应急救援决策提供理论支持与实践指导。
Abstract：In the event of a sudden traffic accident or vehicle breakdown on expressways, delayed rescue operations can lead to severe traffic congestion and even cause secondary accidents. Reasonable allocation and scheduling of rescue vehicles is critical to ensuring smooth traffic flow and minimizing the impact of incidents.This paper comprehensively considers the matching relationship between rescue vehicles and incident demands, as well as response timeliness, and develops a joint optimization model for rescue vehicle allocation and scheduling. A two-stage algorithm is designed to improve the solution efficiency of the model. Finally, using the Jiaxing expressway as a case study, and drawing on historical accident distribution characteristics and actual rescue demand, the proposed model and algorithm are empirically validated. The results show that the model can efficiently match rescue vehicles to incidents, effectively reduce redundant travel time, and improve incident response efficiency, providing theoretical support and practical guidance for emergency rescue decision-making on expressways.
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基本信息:
中图分类号:U492.22
引用信息:
[1]张树柱,陆志钰,吕雅琼.考虑响应时效与事故多样性的高速公路应急救援车辆配置与调度优化研究[J].物流技术,2025,44(12):44-54.
基金信息:
浙江省自然科学基金探索项目（LY23G020001）